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How were they evacuated? To smaller towns and villages in the countryside. Some children were sent to stay with relatives outside in the countryside, but others were sent to live with complete strangers. Billeting officers were responsible for helping to find homes for the evacuees.
Householders in the country who billeted housed city children were given money by the government. When were they first evacuated? At There were no big bombing raids on Britain in the first months of the war know as The Phoney War as a result by early many children had returned home.
They were evacuated again when heavy bombing raids started in the autumn of - The Blitz - and then again later, in , when Germany attacked Britain with V1 Flying Bombs and V2 rockets.
By the end of the Second World War around 3. No one was forced to go but parents were encouraged by posters and told that their children would be safer from German bombs if they moved to the country.
What was it like for a child to be evacuated? Being an evacuee must have been scary and exciting at the same time.
The children had to leave their families and homes behind and try to fit in with host families in the country. Children had labels attached to them, as though they were parcels. They stood at railway stations not knowing where they were going nor if they would be split from brothers and sisters who had gathered with them. They felt scared about being away from their families but also excited about going to a place they had never seen before and only read about in books.
Despite warnings by the Minister of Health, nearly half of all evacuees had returned to their homes by Christmas. But, when France fell in June , Britain became the next target and the Blitzkrieg began. Cities such as London, Coventry, Birmingham, Swansea, Plymouth and Sheffield were pounded mercilessly and evacuation became a policy grounded in reality. The south coast of England was also quickly changed from a Reception area to an Evacuation area due to the threat of invasion and so , children were evacuated or re-evacuated to safer locations.
This began Operation Rivulet, the final major evacuation of the war. Running between July and September more than a million people moved out of danger zones. Sleepy little eyes in a sleepy little head, Sleepy time is drawing near. Goodnight children everywhere, Your mummy thinks of you tonight. Close your eyes and say a prayer, And surely you can find a kiss to spare. Soon the moon will rise, and caress you with its beams, While the shadows softly creep.
With a happy smile you will be wrapped up in your dreams, Baby will be fast asleep. Goodnight children everywhere. However, it is often overlooked that not all children were evacuated in the first place. Evacuation was a voluntary process and, while blackouts, gas masks and other wartime changes were accepted, many parents refused to part with their children during the war.
The children left at home endured bombing raids along with the economic and welfare problems of the cities, and yet strangely grew more than their city counterparts. This led to varying interesting theories as to why this was, for example that country children, rather than using that energy for growth, were too active.
This changed the face of child warfare forever. When the war ended the evacuees could finally return home. Some found their houses had been bombed or their families had departed or no longer wanted them but for most it was a happy reunion and brought an end to a prolonged period of fear, confusion and separation.
But, for children used to being in the country, and parents not used to having children to deal with, this was not always easy. Many evacuees were now four or five years older than when they left; appearances, accents, outlooks and preferences had changed.
More than 2. Nevertheless, the subject of evacuation is one which continues to resonate. The evacuation of children during the Second World War. This was the plan to evacuate civilians from cities and other areas that were at high risk of being bombed or becoming a battlefield in the event of an invasion.
The country was split into three types of areas: Evacuation, Neutral and Reception, with the first Evacuation areas including places like Greater London, Birmingham and Glasgow, and Reception areas being rural such as Kent, East Anglia and Wales.
Neutral areas were places that would neither send nor receive evacuees. Evacuees from Bristol boarding a bus en route to their billets. Young British children are evacuated as part of Operation Pied Piper. Ultimately 3. Imperial War Museum photo. When Germany invaded Poland on Sept. The evacuation began that afternoon. One mother in London, after watching her own two children march off, saw two tots leave a line and rush up to a policemen standing in the middle of the intersection, holding traffic until the children had passed.
In London and other major cities, adults saw long files of children led by teachers or other officials walk toward bus or railroad stations for their journey to different parts of the country. British Ministry of Health poster. The first and largest exodus lasted four days. Other smaller evacuations occurred up until September Ultimately more than 3. Finding homes was often traumatic for the children. As a rule, billeting officials would line the newly arrived children up against a wall or on a stage in the village hall, and invite potential hosts to take their pick.
Corporations and private relief organizations in the United States arranged for thousands of children to stay in the country.
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