You may need to see a dermatologist for the most effective care. For oral lichen planus, stop smoking, avoid alcohol, maintain good oral hygiene, and avoid any foods that seem to irritate your mouth. Lichen planus is not a dangerous disease, and it usually goes away on its own. However, in some people, it may come back.
Health Home Conditions and Diseases. The cause of lichen planus is usually not known, although possible causes include: Hepatitis C, a virus that attacks your liver Certain medicines, including some drugs used to treat high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, and malaria Reactions to metal fillings in your teeth An autoimmune reaction, meaning the body's own defense system, the immune system, attacks your mouth and skin cells by mistake Symptoms Symptoms of lichen planus depend on the part or parts of your body affected.
Common symptoms include: Skin: The most common symptoms are shiny red or purple bumps. Genitals: Lichen planus in your genitals can cause bright red, painful areas. Diagnosis Your doctor or dentist may diagnose lichen planus, based on the changes on your skin or in your mouth. Treatment If your biopsy shows lichen planus and you have no symptoms, you probably do not need treatment.
Possible treatments include: Antihistamine medicine to relieve itching Steroids on your skin or in your mouth to fight inflammation You may also take steroids in pill form for severe cases A type of ultraviolet light treatment called PUVA Retinoic acid, a medicine derived from vitamin A and usually used for acne Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus, ointments used for eczema. Complications Some evidence suggests that oral lichen planus may be an early warning for oral cancer.
When to call the doctor If you have any symptoms of lichen planus, talk with your doctor. Avoid injuries to your skin. Not treating secondary infections may worsen the condition. If your doctor suspects that oral lichen planus may be related to a trigger, such as a drug, an allergen or stress, he or she can recommend how to address the trigger.
For example, you may be advised to try another drug instead, to see an allergist or dermatologist for additional testing, or to learn stress management techniques. In addition to regular medical and dental treatment, self-care measures may help improve your oral lichen planus symptoms or help prevent recurring episodes of severe symptoms:. You'll likely start by seeing your primary care doctor or dentist. Some people with oral lichen planus also develop lichen planus on their skin.
Depending on your symptoms, you may be referred to a specialist in skin diseases dermatologist or a specialist in gum and dental diseases periodontist. Your doctor or dentist will ask additional questions based on your responses, symptoms and needs. Preparing and anticipating questions will help you make the most of your time with the doctor or dentist. All rights reserved. Terms of Use. Oral lichen planus and lichenoid reactions: etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, management and malignant transformation.
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CO2 laser evaporation of oral lichen planus. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. This content is owned by the AAFP. A person viewing it online may make one printout of the material and may use that printout only for his or her personal, non-commercial reference. This material may not otherwise be downloaded, copied, printed, stored, transmitted or reproduced in any medium, whether now known or later invented, except as authorized in writing by the AAFP. Contact afpserv aafp.
Want to use this article elsewhere? Get Permissions. Read the Issue. Sign Up Now. Previous: Management of Acute Asthma Exacerbations. Next: Outpatient Approach to Palpitations. Jul 1, Issue. Diagnosis and Treatment of Lichen Planus. If you have no pain or discomfort and if only white, lacy lesions are present, you may not need any treatment. For more-severe symptoms, you may need one or more of the options below. Treatments such as topical numbing agents can be used to provide temporary relief for areas that are particularly painful.
Corticosteroids may reduce inflammation related to oral lichen planus. One of these forms may be recommended:. Side effects vary, depending on the method of use. Talk with your doctor to weigh the potential benefits against possible side effects. Medications that suppress or modify your body's immune response may be used to improve more-severe lesions and lessen pain. They come in these forms:.
The use of some medications, such as topical steroids, can lead to the overgrowth of yeast. During treatment, schedule regular follow-up visits with your primary care provider to check for secondary infections and receive treatment. Not treating secondary infections may worsen the condition. If your doctor suspects that oral lichen planus may be related to a trigger, such as a drug, an allergen or stress, he or she can recommend how to address the trigger.
For example, you may be advised to try another drug instead, to see an allergist or dermatologist for additional testing, or to learn stress management techniques.
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